Healing After an Injury
For patients who are planning to undergo surgery, understanding the four phases of healing after an injury is crucial for ensuring proper recovery and avoiding complications. According to Chris Michaelis, D.O., of Charleston Wound Care, “Wound healing is a complex biological process that ensures damaged tissue repairs itself effectively.”
Phase 1: Hemostasis – Immediate Response
The first response to tissue injury is hemostasis, which occurs minutes to hours after an incident. During this stage, blood vessels constrict and platelets aggregate, forming a clot. “This clotting not only prevents further blood loss but also serves as a foundation for cellular activity that is critical to healing,” said Dr. Michaelis.
Phase 2: Inflammation – Infection Defense
Once the bleeding is controlled, the body enters the inflammatory phase. White blood cells like neutrophils and macrophages arrive to clear debris, destroy pathogens and release healing signals. Wounds can get “stuck” in this phase due to infection, poor circulation, or underlying conditions like diabetes. Prolonged inflammation increases risk for complications such as chronic wounds.
For surgical patients, keeping the wound clean and closely monitored is essential during this stage. “Close monitoring is essential for identifying and addressing early signs of complications,” Dr. Michaelis noted.
Phase 3: Proliferation – Tissue Regrowth
During the proliferation phase, the body begins to rebuild. Granulation tissue fills the wound, and cells begin closing the injury. Nutrition, hydration, and mobility are key to optimizing this stage. “Adequate nutrition, hydration and mobility, as advised by the surgeon, can further optimize this phase,” Dr. Michaelis added.
Phase 4: Remodeling – Strength and Recovery
The final phase involves tissue remodeling. Collagen is reorganized, and scar tissue is reduced. Though the skin regains most of its strength, it may never match the strength of uninjured skin. Charleston Wound Care offers custom treatment plans for this stage, including skin care routines, SPF-based moisturizers, or minor surgical procedures to address scar tissue.
Pre-Surgery Tips for Faster Recovery
Dr. Michaelis recommends preparing the body before surgery to support faster healing and reduce inflammation:
- Adopt a protein-rich, anti-inflammatory diet with fruits, vegetables, and antioxidants.
- Choose organic foods when possible to reduce exposure to inflammatory agents like pesticides.
- Limit alcohol and sugar intake.
- Stay hydrated and quit smoking.
- Use sunscreen and moisturize regularly to maintain skin health.
Plan Ahead for Wound Care
Dr. Michaelis emphasized working with your physician ahead of time to create a wound care strategy, and to schedule a post-op appointment with Charleston Wound Care immediately after surgery.
Be Your Own Healing Advocate
“Don’t be a passenger in your own life,” said Dr. Michaelis. “Grab the steering wheel and become your own advocate.” He added that patients who prepare, engage, and follow recovery best practices experience better outcomes, faster healing, and fewer complications.
Charleston Wound Care Locations
Charleston Wound Care provides services in three locations: Mount Pleasant, Charleston, and Summerville.
To book a consultation, visit charlestonwoundcare.com or call 843-800-1215, 843-612-5350 or 843-585-3577.
By Sarah Rose
